Difference between preferred stock and common stock in Hindi

Preferred stock aur common stock dono hi ek company ke equity securities hain, lekin inke beech kuch mahatvapurn antar hain. Main differences ko systematically samjhaane ke liye, hum niche ke sections mein discuss kar samjhenge:

1. Definition aur Basic Features :

Preferred Stock : Ye ek prakar ka equity security hai jismein investors ko company ke profit distribution aur assets ke distribution mein priority milti hai. Yani, agar company ko profit milta hai ya liquidation hota hai, to preferred stockholders ko pehle paise milte hain, uske baad common stockholders ko milte hain.

Common Stock : Ye ek prakar ka equity security hai jismein investors ko company ke ownership aur profits ka hissa milta hai. Common stockholders ko company ke decisions mein voting rights milte hain aur company ke profit distribution mein unka hissa preferred stockholders ke baad aata hai.

2. Dividend Payments :

Preferred Stock : Preferred stockholders ko fixed dividend payments milti hain jo pehle se set hoti hain. Ye dividends company ke earnings par depend nahi karte. Agar company ko profit hota hai aur dividend declare hota hai, to preferred stockholders ko pehle payment milti hai.

Common Stock : Common stockholders ko dividends company ke earnings aur board of directors ke decision ke basis par milte hain. Ye dividends fixed nahi hote aur company ke profits pe depend karte hain. Agar company ko loss hota hai, to common stockholders ko dividends nahi milte.

3. Voting Rights :

Preferred Stock : Generally, preferred stockholders ko voting rights nahi milte. Yani, woh company ke board of directors ke elections aur major company decisions mein vote nahi kar sakte.

Common Stock : Common stockholders ko voting rights milte hain. Ye rights unhe company ke major decisions aur board elections mein participate karne ki suvidha dete hain.

4. Claim on Assets :

Preferred Stock : Agar company ki liquidation hoti hai, to preferred stockholders ko company ke assets par pehle hak hota hai. Pehle preferred stockholders ko unki investment ke amount milti hai aur fir baaki assets common stockholders ko milte hain.

Common Stock : Liquidation ke case mein, common stockholders ko preferred stockholders ke baad assets milte hain. Iska matlab hai ki agar company bankrupt hoti hai to common stockholders ko kuch bhi milne ki guarantee nahi hoti.

5. Convertibility :

Preferred Stock : Kuch preferred stocks convertible hote hain, jiska matlab hai ki investors inhe common stocks mein convert kar sakte hain. Ye option investors ko flexibility deta hai.

Common Stock : Common stocks ko generally convertible nahi kiya ja sakta, matlab ek baar common stock buy karne ke baad, unhe preferred stock mein convert nahi kiya ja sakta.

6. Risk aur Return :

Preferred Stock : Preferred stockholders ka risk relatively kam hota hai kyunki unhe fixed dividends milte hain aur liquidation case mein priority milti hai. Lekin, return bhi generally common stockholders se kam hota hai.

Common Stock : Common stockholders ka risk zyada hota hai kyunki unhe fixed dividends nahi milte aur liquidation case mein unki payment baad mein hoti hai. Lekin, unka potential return bhi higher hota hai, kyunki company ke profits aur stock prices increase hone par unka return bhi high ho sakta hai.

7. Example :

Preferred Stock : Man lijiye, XYZ Company ne preferred stock issue kiya hai jismein 6% annual dividend hai. Agar XYZ Company ko profit hota hai aur dividend declare hota hai, to preferred stockholders ko 6% dividend milega chahe company ka profit kitna bhi ho. Agar company liquidation hoti hai, to preferred stockholders ko apne investment ke amount se pehle paise milenge.

Common Stock : Man lijiye, XYZ Company ne common stock issue kiya hai. Common stockholders ko dividend declare hone par dividend milta hai jo company ke profits par depend karta hai. Agar company ka profit badh jaata hai, to common stockholders ko higher dividends mil sakte hain aur stock price bhi badh sakta hai, jo unka overall return increase karega. Lekin, agar company ko loss hota hai, to common stockholders ko dividend nahi milega aur unki investment ke value bhi decrease ho sakti hai.

In summary, preferred stock aur common stock dono hi alag alag types ke equity securities hain jinke apne advantages aur disadvantages hain. Preferred stockholders ko fixed dividends aur liquidation case mein priority milti hai, lekin unke paas voting rights nahi hote. Common stockholders ko voting rights milte hain aur higher potential returns, lekin unka risk bhi zyada hota hai aur dividend payments company ke profits pe depend karti hain.

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